Watermelon farming can be highly profitable, but many farmers suffer losses due to poor planning, pests, and wrong market timing.
Growing watermelons successfully requires a combination of good agronomic practices, timely planting, and proper post-harvest handling.
Deo Kiwanuka, a watermelon farmer from Ndese village in Mukono district, says the first step to avoiding losses is choosing the right variety and preparing the land well.
“I plant hybrid varieties like Sukari F1 and milia F1 because they mature quickly and give large, sweet fruits. I make ridges and ensure the soil is loose and well-drained,” he explains.
Allan Nsubuga, an agronomist says soil testing before planting is really important.
“Watermelons need light, sandy-loam soil with a pH of 6–7. I advise farmers to add organic manure or compost before sowing to boost nutrients,” he says.
Nsubuga also advises early pest and disease control using recommended bio-pesticides and rotating crops to avoid soil-borne diseases like fusarium wilt.
Harriet Nalulu, both a farmer and trader, says many farmers grow watermelons without knowing the market.
“I plant with the market in mind. If you harvest during the peak season when supply is high, prices drop. I time mine to hit the market early or late when prices are better,” she explains.
To avoid cracking or rotting, farmers are advised to irrigate consistently, especially during dry spells, but avoid waterlogging. Mulching helps retain moisture and reduce fruit contact with wet soil, which can cause rot.
Proper spacing, timely weeding, and monitoring for pests like aphids and fruit flies are also key. Once the fruit matures (usually 75–90 days after planting), harvesting should be done carefully to avoid bruising.
With the right planning and practices, watermelon farming can yield big returns with minimal losses.
