Preparing a rice garden demands careful planning, especially for commercial farmers aiming for high yields, sustainability, and profitability in increasingly unpredictable climate conditions.
According to Jozonia Mbambu, a rice farmer in Kasese, the process begins with selecting the right piece of land.
“Rice does best in lowland areas with access to water or places that can be flooded and drained easily,” he says.
Once land is selected, land clearing is the next step. All bushes, weeds, and tree stumps should be removed to allow smooth water flow and easy levelling.
“After clearing, plough the land at least twice using a tractor or oxen to break down soil particles. She says this helps in better root penetration and allows proper water retention,” she advises.
Levelling the field is one of the most important steps.
“A properly levelled field ensures uniform water distribution, prevents waterlogging in certain areas, and allows even growth of the rice crop,” Mbambu explains.
Farmers can use a simple wooden leveller pulled by oxen or a mechanical leveller.
Henry Sekyewa, an agronomist, emphasises the need for bunds, raised soil ridges around the rice field.
“These bunds help retain water in the garden and prevent it from flowing away, especially during heavy rains. They also help manage irrigation effectively,” he says.
Once levelling and bunds are done, water should be introduced into the garden. Allow the water to settle for a few days.
“This step softens the soil and kills weeds naturally,” Sekyewa notes.
After that, puddling is done, mixing soil and water to form a soft muddy bed ideal for transplanting rice seedlings.
Proper rice garden preparation ensures healthy seedling establishment, efficient water management, and ultimately, a better harvest.
