Cocoa farming can be highly rewarding, but only if farmers take the right steps to protect their plants from common diseases and dry them, which are major threats to yields and income.
Lilian Rwomushana, a cocoa farmer from Bibuye village in Kyenjojo district, says that the most common problem she faces is pest and disease attacks that cause swellings, black patches, and stem rotting. “If you are not observant, these diseases can spread quickly and kill many trees,” she says.
Rwomushana emphasises regular inspection of the garden. “I check my cocoa trees every week. Any sign of infection, like wilting leaves or discoloured pods, I prune and burn the affected parts immediately to stop the spread,” she explains.
Joan Kantu, who runs Marakwet Organic Farm in Masongora village, Kabarole district, advises farmers to maintain proper spacing and regular weeding. “Cocoa plants need free airflow. When the garden is congested and full of weeds, it becomes a breeding ground for fungi and pests,” he notes.
She also encourages the use of organic compost to build soil health and resist disease.
Gideon Zakke, an agronomist, adds that mulching is vital to protect the roots from drying and to keep moisture in the soil. “Use dry grass or banana leaves around the base of the cocoa trees. It reduces evaporation and keeps the plants healthy,” he says.
Zakke also warns against using contaminated tools. “Disinfect your pruning tools before using them on another tree to avoid transferring diseases,” he adds.
By combining timely inspection, good hygiene, proper spacing, and moisture management, farmers can protect their cocoa gardens from disease and drying, ensuring healthier trees and higher profits.
